John Clarke, an emeritus professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, arrives for a press conference on the campus celebrating his 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics, on October 7, 2025. Briton John Clarke, Frenchman Michel Devoret and American John Martinis won the Nobel Prize in Physics on October 7, 2025 for putting quantum mechanics into action and enabling the development of all kinds of digital technology from cellphones to a new generation. (Photo by Karl Mondon / AFP) (Photo by KARL MONDON/AFP via Getty Images)

Friends of John Clarke, an emeritus professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, celebrate his 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics, on October 7, 2025, in Berkeley, California. Briton John Clarke, Frenchman Michel Devoret and American John Martinis won the Nobel Prize in Physics on October 7, 2025 for putting quantum mechanics into action and enabling the development of all kinds of digital technology from cellphones to a new generation. (Photo by Karl Mondon / AFP) (Photo by KARL MONDON/AFP via Getty Images)

Goeran Johansson, Member of the Nobel Committe for Physics, explains the field of science of the winners during a press conference to announce the winners of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden, on October 7, 2025. Briton John Clarke, Frenchman Michel H Devoret and American John M Martinis won the Nobel Prize in Physics 2025 'for the discovery of macroscopic quatum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit', it was announced. (Photo by Christine Olsson/TT / TT NEWS AGENCY / AFP) / Sweden OUT (Photo by CHRISTINE OLSSON/TT/TT NEWS AGENCY/AFP via Getty Images)

Goeran Johansson, Member of the Nobel Committe for Physics, explains the field of science of the winners during a press conference to announce the winners of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden, on October 7, 2025. Briton John Clarke, Frenchman Michel H Devoret and American John M Martinis won the Nobel Prize in Physics 2025 'for the discovery of macroscopic quatum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit', it was announced. (Photo by Christine Olsson/TT / TT NEWS AGENCY / AFP) / Sweden OUT (Photo by CHRISTINE OLSSON/TT/TT NEWS AGENCY/AFP via Getty Images)

TOPSHOT - Captain Will Whatley on the bridge of the RRS Sir David Attenborough, while moored at Harwich International Port in Harwich, eastern England on October 6, 2025, ahead of the ship's departure to undertake research in the Antarctic later in the month as part of British Antarctic Survey. The British Antarctic Survey provides the UK's national polar capability by operating research stations, aircraft and Royal Research Ship Sir David Attenborough, supporting science at the poles and securing the UK's presence in Antarctic affairs. (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS / AFP) (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS/AFP via Getty Images)

TOPSHOT - A sample of ice from Antarctica inside the main laboratory seen onboard the RRS Sir David Attenborough, while moored at Harwich International Port in Harwich, eastern England on October 6, 2025, ahead of the ship's departure to undertake research in the Antarctic later in the month as part of British Antarctic Survey. The British Antarctic Survey provides the UK's national polar capability by operating research stations, aircraft and Royal Research Ship Sir David Attenborough, supporting science at the poles and securing the UK's presence in Antarctic affairs. (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS / AFP) (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS/AFP via Getty Images)

TOPSHOT - An aerial view of the RRS Sir David Attenborough, moored at Harwich International Port in Harwich, eastern England on October 6, 2025, ahead of the ship's departure to undertake research in the Antarctic later in the month as part of British Antarctic Survey. The British Antarctic Survey provides the UK's national polar capability by operating research stations, aircraft and Royal Research Ship Sir David Attenborough, supporting science at the poles and securing the UK's presence in Antarctic affairs. (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS / AFP) (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS/AFP via Getty Images)

Deckhands work inside the science hangar onboard the RRS Sir David Attenborough, while moored at Harwich International Port in Harwich, eastern England on October 6, 2025, ahead of the ship's departure to undertake research in the Antarctic later in the month as part of British Antarctic Survey. The British Antarctic Survey provides the UK's national polar capability by operating research stations, aircraft and Royal Research Ship Sir David Attenborough, supporting science at the poles and securing the UK's presence in Antarctic affairs. (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS / AFP) (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS/AFP via Getty Images)